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When Colonialism began it ¨developed following the collapse of the profitability of the slave trade, its abolition and suppression, as well as the expansion of the European capitalist Industrial Revolution.¨ (Africana Age)
http://exhibitions.nypl.org/africanaage/essay-colonization-of-africa.html
Reasons for colonialism:
Economic :
following the collapse of the slave trade and the start of the Industrial Revolution there was a need for more resources
Political:
One way to demonstrate national authority was through territory
Social:
Colonies were settled in Algeria, South Africa, Mozambique, Zimbabwe, Zambia to distribute civilians because of overpopulation in England